They are short or long chain oligosaccharides. It cannot be digested by mammalian digestive enzymes, but fermented by microorganisms in the colon. It lowers PH in the colon. It is the food source of probiotics. In addition, it has positive effects such as increasing sodium absorption in the colon, accelerating mucosal blood flow, providing energy, regulating cellular proliferation (cell proliferation), increasing cell differentiation, stimulating immunity, lowering blood cholesterol concentrations.